Backgrounds: Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynecological malignant tumor, and its prognosis is affected by many factors. This study aimed to identify the key clinical factors associated with poor prognosis in patients with EC and propose targeted nursing interventions. Methods: The relevant literature on prognostic factors for EC patients was retrieved from PubMed, Elsevier and Web of Science, and the quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta-analysis of 10 studies (n = 5288 patients) was conducted via STATA 12.0 to evaluate associations between factors and overall survival. Results: Significant predictors included age (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10–1.91), history of diabetes (HR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.02–1.56), abnormal nutritional score (HR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.16–2.92) and elevated carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) levels (HR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.21–2.69). Body mass index (BMI), metformin use, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) showed no significant prognostic impact. Elderly patients should pay attention to comprehensive assessment and provide psychological support; Nutrition score abnormal patients need to make a weight management plan and reasonably arrange diet counseling; History of diabetes patients should be blood sugar monitoring, optimizing sugar control scheme. Conclusions: These findings suggest that age, nutrition score and history of diabetes may lead to poor prognosis in EC patients, and nursing interventions should focus on these factors to improve survival rates and enhance the quality of life of these patients. The INPLASY Registration: INPLASY2024110012.