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Original Research

Open Access

Plumbagin shows anti-cancer activity in human breast cancer cells by the upregulation of p53 and p21 and suppression of G1 cell cycle regulators

  • X.Q. Zhang1
  • C.Y. Yang2
  • X.F. Rao3
  • J.P. Xiong4,*,

1Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Jiangxi province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

2Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

3Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Jiangxi province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

4Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

DOI: 10.12892/ejgo2765.2016 Vol.37,Issue 1,February 2016 pp.30-35

Published: 10 February 2016

*Corresponding Author(s): J.P. Xiong E-mail: xiongjianping298@hotmail.com

Abstract

Purpose: Plumbagin, a naphthoquinone constituent of Plumbago zeylanica L. (Plumbaginaceae), is known to exhibit proapoptotic, antiangiogenic and antimetastatic effects in cancer cells. However, the effect of Plumbagin on breast cancer cells and the underlying molecular mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Materials and Methods: MCF-7 (a human breast cancer cell line) was exposed different concentrations of Plumbagin (PG), and the anti-proliferative activity was evaluated by the MTT assay. The mechanism of action for the growth inhibitory activity of Plumbagin on MCF-7 cancer cells was evaluated using flow cytometry for cell cycle distribution, and western blot for assessment of expression of potential target proteins. Results: Plumbagin exhibited a significant anti-proliferative activity against human breast cancer cells. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that Plumbagin caused cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. The cell cycle arrest was well correlated with the inhibition of cyclin D1, cyclin E, and upregulation of tumor suppressor protein p53. It further inhibited the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members such as Bcl-xL and Bcl-2, and activated pro-apoptotic proteins like Bax and Bak. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the anti-proliferative effect of Plumbagin is due to upregulation of p53 and p21 and suppression of G1 cell cycle regulators.

Keywords

Plumbagin; MCF-7; Cyclin D1; Cyclin E; p53; Proliferation.

Cite and Share

X.Q. Zhang,C.Y. Yang,X.F. Rao,J.P. Xiong. Plumbagin shows anti-cancer activity in human breast cancer cells by the upregulation of p53 and p21 and suppression of G1 cell cycle regulators. European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology. 2016. 37(1);30-35.

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