Allelic polymorphism in codon 72 of p53 gene: prognosis value, survival rates, and their association with breast cancer

Purpose of investigation: There are controversial findings to establish relationship between genotype polymorphism of codon 72 of P53 gene, its prognosis value, and survival rate of the patients in breast cancer. For the first time this study has shown such relationship in Sabzevar, Iran. Materials and Methods: A descriptive analytical case–control study was conducted on 160 people (80 patients and 80 controls). DNA was extracted and codon 72 of the p53 gene was amplified. The genotype of the p53 gene was determined by electrophoresis, samples were sequenced, and all patients were followed up for 30 months. Results: The frequency of heterozygote arginine/ proline was 49 (30.6%) and 51(31.9%) in the patients and controls, respectively. Homozygote arginine/arginine had frequency of 29 (18.1%) in the patients while it was 15 (9.4%) in controls. Homozygote of proline/proline was two (1.3%) in the patients and 14 (8.8%) in controls. The sequencing results were consistent to PCR and electrophoresis results. Conclusions: This is the first study in the region which shows relationship between genotype polymorphism, survival rate, and its prognosis value in breast cancer. The authors showed that homozygote proline/proline in controls was significantly higher compared with that in the patients. They may therefore, conclude that detection of allelic polymorphisms of codon 72 of the p53 gene including arginine/arginine could be a risk factor predisposition for breast cancer and valuable tool for determining prognosis, progress, and treatment purposes.

Breast cancer; Allelic polymorphism; Codon 72.

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