Disease profile and incidence of hydatidiform mole in Vitoria (Brazil) between 2003-2016

Introduction: Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) includes a group of both clinical and anatomopathological conditions derived from placental trophoblasts, which can evolve to metastatic, invasive or premalignant forms, such as complete or partial hydatidiform mole. This work describes the profile of GTD and its incidence in a philanthropic hospital in Vitoria (Brazil). Materials and Methods: The authors performed a descriptive, retrospective study with 117 female patients having histological confirmation of GTD diagnosis between the years of 2003 and 2016. Patients were selected based on analysis of all medical records on the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Santa Casa de Misericordia de Vitoria hospital. Results: About 75% of all cases (88 patients) were diagnosed as complete mole, whereas about 25% (29) were diagnosed as partial mole. The authors also found eight cases of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN), of which seven cases with invasive mole and one case with choriocarcinoma. The authors observed a slightly higher incidence during (southern) springtime, but no clear association between mole type and age, gravidity or parity could be established. Discussion: It still not clear how socio-geographic factors may increase the incidence of hydatidiform mole around the world. While in some regions of the globe, particularly, in developed countries, we find equality of incidence of complete and partial mole, in many other countries we observe a major incidence of complete mole. Thus, precise medical records are key to establish a regional profile, especially in a wide country as Brazil; nonetheless, it is of the utmost importance to follow specific protocols to correctly identify and treat both cases.

Complete mole; Partial mole; Gestational trophoblastic disease; hCG levels.

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