Incidence of symptomatic deep vein thrombosis after gynecological surgery: a retrospective study in Chinese population

Objective: Patients undergoing gynecological surgery have a high risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT). While the reason were less determined. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on all gynecological surgery patients with symp-tomatic deep venous thromboembolism from August 2012 to July 2015 in a tertiary referral center, Wuhan, China. DVT was diagnosed using ultrasonography that was triggered by symptoms such as pain, swelling, redness, warmth, and engorged superficial veins on legs. Clinical records of patients diagnosed with DVT in this period were reviewed. Results: In a total of 3,992 gynecological surgeries, 107 patients were diagnosed with symptomatic DVT (2.7%), of which 96 were in the lower limbs. The incidence of DVT was highest in pa-tients with ovarian cancer (4.51%), followed by cervical cancer (2.04%), and endometrial cancer (1.75%). Most patients (42.7%, 35/82) had identifiable thrombus in left leg, 28.0% (23/82) had identifiable thrombus in right leg and 29% (24/82) were bilateral. Of 123 affected limbs 93 (75.6%) had DVT in calf veins; 50% of DVT occurred within seven days after surgery, and 75% DVT occurred in 13.0 days. Conclusion: Reducing the timing of gynecologic malignancies surgeries could significantly reduce the incidence of DVT, and laparoscopic surgery could significantly reduce the incidence of DVT.

Gynecological surgery; Deep venous thromboembolism; Risk factors.

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