Effects of inhalation anesthesia combined with intravenous anesthesia on anesthetic efficacy and adverse reactions in female patients with breast cancer: a retrospective study

Background: This study aims to investigate the effects of inhalation anesthesia combined with intravenous anesthesia on anesthesia efficacy and adverse reactions in female breast cancer patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using clinical data from 78 female breast cancer patients admitted to our hospital between January 2022 and December 2023. Based on the recorded anesthesia methods, the patients were categorized into two groups: the control group (n = 39; received inhalation anesthesia) and the observation group (n = 39; underwent inhalation anesthesia combined with intravenous anesthesia), and their anesthesia effectiveness (mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2), eye opening time, orientation recovery time and extubation time), postoperative pain scores (Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores), postoperative inflammatory markers (C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α), norepinephrine (NE), cortisol and epinephrine (E) and the incidence of adverse reactions, were compared. Results: At T1, T2, and T3, they had significantly lower MAP and heart rate and higher Partial Pressure of Oxygen (PaO2) than the control group (p < 0.05). Recovery times, including eye opening, orientation recovery and extubation times, were significantly shorter in the observation group (p < 0.05). VAS scores at 5, 45 and 90 minutes post-anesthesia were significantly lower in the observation group than the control group (p < 0.05). 24 hours post-surgery, the levels of inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, NE, cortisol, E) were significantly reduced (p < 0.05), and the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the observation group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The combination of inhalation and intravenous composite anesthesia in breast cancer resection surgery was associated with superior anesthesia outcomes, including reduced postoperative pain and inflammation and a lower incidence of adverse reactions, thereby holding promise for clinical application and warrants further investigation.

Breast cancer; Inhalation anesthesia; Inhalation anesthesia combined with intravenous anesthesia; Radical mastectomy

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